Drow History

wikipedia.org/wiki/Trow_(folklore)
Origin of Drow.
The trow is also called drow under its variant spelling in the Scots dialect; the "drow" being mentioned by Walter Scott.However, the term "drow" could also be used in the sense of ‘the devil’ in Orkney.

The word drow also occurs in the Shetland Norn language, where it means ‘huldrefolk’("the hidden people", fairies), ‘troll-folk’,or ‘ghost’. As drow is obviously not a Norse language spelling, linguist Jakob Jakobsen proposed it was taken from the common (Scots) term "trow" altered to drow by assimilation with Old Norse draugr or Norwegian draug. The reconstructed Shetland word would be *drog if it did descend from Old Norse draugr, but this is unattested, nor was it adopted into the Nynorn vocabulary to supersede the known form.

wikipedia.org/wiki/Drow

Gygax stated,

The form "drow" can be found in neither work. Gygax later stated that he took the term from a listing in the Funk & Wagnall's Unexpurgated Dictionary, and no other source at all.

Archives of Nethys 1st edition Monster Display

wikipedia.org/wiki/Drow

Basically Gary Gygax took Fairy Mythology from 18th century Norwegian, Old Norse, Scandinavian, Danish folklore. Pathfinder edition one has content of the DarkElves as monsters and Josh at Ashenvault.com states.

wikipedia.org/wiki/Drow

Society
Lolth based drow society is primarily matriarchal, with priestesses of their evil spider goddess Lolth in the highest seats of power. This society is based upon violence, murder, cunning, and the philosophy that only the strong survive. Hence, most drow plot endlessly to murder or otherwise incapacitate their rivals and enemy drow using deceit and betrayal. Drow, particularly in higher positions, are constantly wary of assassins and the like. One of the quirks of this constant infighting is the relatively short lifespan of the average drow. While being just as long lived as their surface cousins, living as long as a thousand years, elderly drow are rarely encountered. Consequently, they are the only race of elves that matches the fertility of 'lesser' races, such as humans.

Their society, as a whole, is seemingly nonviable. The only reason they do not murder themselves to extinction is by the will of Lolth, working primarily through her clergy. Lolth does not tolerate any drow that threaten to bring down her society, and the clergy make certain that perpetrators cease their destructive actions by either threatening or killing them. Matron mothers lead the various noble houses and act as "high priestesses of Lolth".[81] Matthew Beilman, for CBR, highlighted that Lolth based "drow society is a lethal cloak-and-dagger affair – like a constant Game of Thrones but if every character were playing by Lannister/Bolton rules. That is to say, playing dirty and playing to win".

There are exceptions to the rule, of course. Some communities of drow worship other gods (like Vhaeraun or Eilistraee), and thus, their hierarchy changes, reverses the roles of males and females, or (such as in the case of Eilastree) even approaching something like a workable, progressive society. Drow societies can also vary vastly depending on the Dungeons & Dragons campaign setting.

blackcitadelrpg.com/
blackcitadelrpg.com/drow-race-guide-5e/

The Drow: DnD 5e Guide to Dark Elf Traits, History, Culture
by Harry Menear

The Drow, otherwise known as the dark elves, night elves, or (somewhat baroquely) “The Ones Who Went Below”, are an iconic part of Dungeons & Dragons. Over the decades, the Drow – along with the other “monstrous” races in 5e – have made the long march from irredeemably evil monsters to, well, slightly more redeemable anti-heroes. The Drow have been a part of Dungeons & Dragons since the very beginning. References to the Drow first appeared in the AD&D adventure Hall of the Fire Giant King, written by Gary Gygax himself in 1978 and the third D&D module ever published. The Drow took center stage later that same year, in the adventures Descent into the Depths of the Earth, and Vault of the Drow. Drow are a subrace of elves characterized by their darker skin, talent for cruelty, and tendency to dwell far beneath the earth. They are known for mercilessly murdering and enslaving anyone they encounter, as well as being wholeheartedly devoted to worshipping the evil spider goddess Lolth.

Dark elves of one kind or another have been a part of folklore and fantasy for almost as long as their fairer cousins, from Tolkein’s Middle Earth, to the grimdark madness of Warhammer and, uh, the Megaman games? In modern fantasy, Drow, like the rest of the elven subraces, are heavily influenced by Tolkein’s characterization of elves as beautiful, graceful creatures with supernaturally long lifespans. Folk tales of the Orkney and Shetland isles off the coast of Scotland have long contained references to the squat, ugly dark elves called Trow. These creatures actually have more in common with Scandinavian trolls than elves, but their propensity for kidnapping and small stature (Drow in D&D tend to be shorter than their high elf cousins) have still had an influence on the Drow in D&D. Originally native to the Greyhawk setting, the drow spent the first few editions of D&D as non-playable monsters, before the appearance of the first “good” drow, a ranger named Drizzt, in a popular series of books by R.A. Salvatore, led to their inclusion as a playable race in 2nd Edition in 1992.

The drow’s inclusion as a playable race likely also had something to do with the collective fascination with “darker” themes and content that arose in the early 1990’s – influenced heavily by monster-focused narrative RPGs like Vampire: The Masquerade. In 5e, the drow have retained a great deal of public perception as monsters, murderers, and slavers.
Drow live in the Underdark, a labyrinthine subterranean world populated by carrion crawlers, mind flayers, and oh so many spiders. Speaking of spiders, it’s impossible to talk about the drow without touching on their symbiotic relationship with the demonic spider goddess Lolth.

Lolth (often depicted as having the upper body, head and arms of a beautiful woman but the lower thorax and scuttling legs of a giant spider) is often cited as the reason for the drow’s very existence. Long ago, the drow were high elves, living on the surface and indistinguishable from their pale-skinned, somewhat haughty kin. A sect of elves began worshipping Lolth and, as her influence drove them to murder, cruelty, and other unforgivable practices, her worshippers were driven underground by those elves who had resisted her charms. The drow disappeared into the Underdark where they built vast cities and temples to honor the spider deity. Over the subsequent centuries, their entire society (not to mention their physical appearance) has changed completely to reflect their bond with their dark mistress. However, some drow choose to turn their backs on Lolth, fleeing the company (and retribution) of their own kind to seek out a life beyond the cult of the spider.

Drow culture is also strictly matriarchal and deeply hierarchical. Any drow in a position of power (particularly the priestesses of Lolth – some of whom are so blessed by their deity that they take on her semi-spidery form) is going to be female. Male drow are reviled and condescended to, treated more like property or pets by female drow than living beings. They live only by the whims and good graces of their mistresses, and a male drow who angers their female superior can be legally slaughtered as though they were putting down an unruly pet. It’s for that reason that the vast majority of “good” drow who rebel and flee their society are male. Above all, drow are obsessed with rank, piety, and maintaining the order of their society – something strangely at odds with their frequent characterization as “Chaotic Evil.”



Drow Traits: What Characterizes the Dark Elves
When you choose to play a drow, you take on the same traits as all other elven subraces. You gain access to the following:

• Ability Score Increase. Your Dexterity score increases by 2.
• Age. An elf typically claims adulthood and an adult name around the age of 100 and can live to be 750 years old.
• Alignment. Elves love freedom, variety, and self-expression, so they lean strongly towards the gentler aspects of chaos. Drow are an exception; their exile into the Underdark has made them vicious and dangerous. Drow are more often evil than not.
• Size. Elves range from under 5 to over 6 feet tall and have slender builds. Your size is Medium.
• Speed. Your base walking speed is 30 feet.
• Darkvision. You can see in dim light within 60 feet of you as if it were bright light, and in darkness as if it were dim light.
• Fey Ancestry. You have advantage on saving throws against being charmed, and magic can’t put you to sleep.
• Trance. Elves do not sleep. Instead they meditate deeply, remaining semi-conscious, for 4 hours a day. After resting in this way, you gain the same benefit a human would from 8 hours of sleep.
• Keen Senses. You have proficiency in the Perception skill.
• Languages. You can speak, read, and write Common and Elven.

Then, as a Drow, you gain the following additional features.

• Ability Score Increase. Your Charisma score increases by 1.
• Superior Darkvision. Your darkvision has a range of 120 feet, instead of 60.
• Sunlight Sensitivity. You have disadvantage on attack rolls and Wisdom (Perception) checks that rely on sight when you, the target of the attack, or whatever you are trying to perceive is in direct sunlight.
• Drow Magic. You know the Dancing Lights cantrip. When you reach 3rd level, you can cast the Faerie Fire spell once with this trait and regain the ability to do so when you finish a long rest. When you reach 5th level, you can cast the Darkness spell once, and regain the ability to do so when you finish a long rest. Charisma is your spellcasting ability for these spells.
• Drow Weapon Training. You have proficiency with rapiers, shortswords, and hand crossbows.

Because some entries are explanatory, and others are universal to all of elvenkind, we’re not going to break down everything, but rather focus on the traits that require a closer look, or have interesting implications for the ways in which you play a drow character.
Ability Score increase: All elves get a +2 bonus to their Dexterity thanks to their otherworldly grace and poise. While it might seem strange that such a reviled subrace would get any sort of bonus to their Charisma, drow get a handy +1 bump – a choice that seems to have similar design thinking to the Tiefling’s +2 Charisma bonus.

While there are no explicitly Dexterity + Charisma-based classes in D&D, your bonuses basically mean you’re free to go with a class that focuses on either, since Dexterity is probably the best stat in the game (it’s used for some melee attacks, ranged attacks, stealth, your AC, breaking grapples, and is the most common saving throw you’ll be making), and Charisma is the basis of your social interactions (one of D&D’s three core pillars of gameplay).
Size: While 5e doesn’t differentiate between drow and other elven subraces in terms of height, earlier editions of the game stress that dark elves tend towards being about six inches shorter than their high elf cousins.
Alignment: Due to, well, just about everything about drow society, dark elves tend towards evil alignments, and playing a drow who hasn’t renounced Lolth pretty much guarantees you’ll fall somewhere between Lawful and Chaotic evil.

However, given the fact most drow PCs tend to be at odds with drow society, you could just as easily play a Neutral or even Good-aligned character too.
Superior Darkvision: All elves see in the dark up to 60ft, but centuries of adaptation to living beneath the earth and only venturing out at night has left the drow with a darkvision range of double the elven average.
This is huge, and has the potential to make you a highly-effective scout, particularly if your party is made up of useless humans with their crappy human eyes.
Sunlight Sensitivity: And here’s where the other shoe drops. Because drow are so well-adapted to life in the dark, their ability to see and function in direct sunlight has been severely compromised. Disadvantage on attack rolls and Wisdom checks that rely on sight is a huge drawback, requiring careful planning to negate, especially if your party is full of humans with their stupid human skin and stupid perfect tans.
Drow Magic: Any innate spellcasting is a huge benefit, and Drow Magic gives you free access to some really great spells – with the exception of dancing lights, which your Superior Darkvision renders about as useful to you as a sacrificial dagger made of cheese.
Drow Weapon Training: Given your added Dexterity, access to rapiers and hand crossbows (shortswords are kind of meh) is a huge buff to your character at early levels.

What Classes Are Well Suited to the Drow?
Any class that uses either Charisma or Dexterity as its primary attribute is your friend, and any class that uses one exclusively will probably be able to make use of both. Below, we’ve broken down some of the classes that synergize best with a drow character, both mechanically and thematically.
Rogue
Rogues are sneaky, dextrous, and do their best work in the dark (remember, Mr. Sunlight Sensitivity, the dark is your friend), and therefore make an excellent pairing with a drow. Your +2 Dexterity bonus is great and, if you choose the Swashbuckler archetype at 3rd level, your Charisma bonus pairs really well with your Rakish Audacity.
Sorcerer
As a Charisma-focused class, Sorcerers and drow are a good fit. Also, given the fact that Sorcerers (along with Wizards) have some of the lowest hit point pools in the game, and tend to favor ranged weapons, your Dexterity bonus won’t go to waste.
Bard
Bards are perfect for the mixture of Charisma and Dexterity drow bring to the table, although you’ll end up double-dipping into your rapier proficiency, which is kind of a waste. If you go down the College of Swords route at 3rd level, your bard becomes just as focused on swashbuckling with finesse weapons as they are focused on social interaction and utility spellcasting, making that +2 to Dexterity even more useful.

Drow Appearance: The Dark Elves
As mentioned before, drow tend towards having dark skin in hues ranging from black to gray to deep blue (as well as purple), with pale white, silver, or yellow hair, and any color of eyes you choose. Their elven grace means that drow tend to be inherently stylish, making the most tattered garments look regal, and they tend towards dressing in black with silver accents. Many drow who remain devoted to Lolth wear their hair in braids with spiderweb accessories. Basically, they have one of D&D’s most heavy metal, Saturday morning cartoon villain-esque aesthetics.

However, it’s worth bringing up some of the discourse going on in the D&D (and wider tabletop RPG) community right now around some of the stickier ideas that have persisted since the earliest days of the hobby – when the whole community was more or less made up of sheltered straight white men, and deeply rooted in very Northern European ideas of fantasy. As the hobby has grown larger and more diverse, its community has become more willing to tackle some of its more problematic aspects, one of which is the idea of bioessentialism (“all orcs are brutish thugs” with a +2 Strength, “all Dwarves love gold”, and all drow are evil sadists) that often maps uncomfortably onto the juxtaposition between the civilized (read: white) humans and high elves, and the exoticized “monstrous races”. Even the word race is up for some debate. It can be a thorny and contentious issue for some, and I don’t presume to solve it in this article, merely to raise it as something worth reading more about.

There’s a great essay in this supplement for the game Five Torches Deep: Origins that tackles it, as well as countless blog posts and forum discussions throughout the fandom. Personally, the drow in my own games aren’t outright evil (nothing is) but rather a deeply authoritarian and brutally theocratic state that blends tropes of Louis XIV era France with a little USSR, with just a touch of the Cardassians from Deep Space Nine. For another great alternate presentation of drow culture, check out Spire: The City Must Fall by Grant Howwit (of Honey Heist fame) and Christopher Taylor, which presents them as a people cursed by their high elf overlords, locked in eternal servitude, who live in communal creches and reproduce by laying eggs – it’s great.

Drow Names: Male and Female
Like other elven races, drow have both a first name and surname taken from the elvish tongue. While they’re still quite melodic, drow names tend to also feature more hard Z and V sounds than high elves, for example.
It’s also worth noting that, within the meta-lore of D&D, drow naming conventions are undergoing an etymological transformation somewhat akin to the great vowel shift in English.

As the drow matriarchy becomes more and more entrenched, male drow names have become increasingly feminine over time.

Example Female Drow Names: Balya, Briza, Drada, Ereliira, Kiaran, Laele, Malice, Myrymma, Narcelia, Nidria, Pellanistra, Phaere, Quiri, Sabrae, Saradreza, Talice, Triel, Ulvirra, Urlryn, Umrae, Viconia, Vornalla, Waerva, Zarra, Zelzrima, Zilvra

Example Male Drow Names: Alton, Balok, Baragh, Coranzen, Dantrag, Elendar, Elkantar, Filraen, Ghaundan, Istorvir, Kalannar, Malaggar, Nyloth, Quevven, Sorn, Torrellan, Vorn, Vuzlyn, Welverin, Xarann, Zaknafein, Zeerith, Zyn

Example Drow Surnames: A’Daragon, Abaeir, Argith, Baenre, Beltaulur, Blaerabban, Coloara, Cormrael, Dalael, Dryaalis, Duskryn, Dyrr, Elpragh, Faertala, Gallaer, Glannath, Hune, Hunzrin, Illykur, Jhalavar, Jusztiirn, Keteeruae, Lhalabar, Lueltar, Naerth, Nirinath, Omriwin, Philiom, Quavein, Rhomduil, Rrostarr, Seerear, Ssambra, T’orgh, T’sarran, Tuin, Uloavae, Vrammyr, Vrinn, Waeglossz, Xiltyn, Yauthlo, Zaphresz, Zauviir


Harry Menear
I played my first tabletop RPG (Pathfinder 1e, specifically) in college. I rocked up late to the first session with an unread rulebook and a human bard called Nick Jugger. It was a rocky start but I had a blast and now, the better part of a decade later, I play, write, and write about tabletop RPGs (mostly 5e, but also PBtA, Forged in the Dark and OSR) games for a living, which is wild.

Drow Society lana.comicgenesis.com/drowsociety.

Dark Elven Society.
Few surface dwellers know the true nature of drow society. Legends speak of huge, nightmare-inducing underground cities, strong magic and an effete, proud culture far beyond those of surface elves. Held as more reliable are the beliefs that drow society is run by females, and that drow have an affinity for spiders, living with and perhaps worshipping them. Drow are generally thought to be cruel, treacherous slavers. What then can be learned beyond this, with the aid of a drow archmagistress and Elminster's prying? Let's find out, shall we?

Station and Rank
Drow society is strongly matriarchal, with females holding all positions of power and responsibility in government, the military, and in the home. Males are effective fighters, and can become priests and wizards of minor power. Outside drow communities, they are rarely encountered without female commanders. Male-commanded drow groups are generally either streeakh, "suicide squads", or am dobluth (outcasts) who have rejected the traditional authority-structure of the drow. Social station is the most important thing in the world of the drow. Ascension to greater power is the ultimate goal in drow society. Assassination is the preferred tool in this job. It must be used discreetly in the city setting, for to openly murder or wage war (on a rival House) bangs down the merciless might of drow justice (not because of the act Itself, simply as punishment for the boorish act of fighting in public). Outside the patrol-range of cities, however, might is right, and Houses and merchant clans often battle each other openly in the wild Underdark.

Spiders and the Drow
Drow have a strong affinity for arachnids. Most of them worship the spider goddess, Lolth, whose priestesses dominate drow society-and whose ritual Test is forced on many drow of 6th level or higher. The Test, as mentioned earlier, is an examination of loyalty and skills, and is thought to be infallible. Failure carries its own horrible price. Those who pass are rewarded with increased status in their community, usually with immediate promotion within the priesthood. Others are sent on a quest set by the goddess. This usually involves a dangerous mission against specific targets in the surface world. Even among drow who do not worship Lolth, an affinity for arachnids is strong. Spiders and similar creatures often dwell among drow communities, and are prominent in drow sculpture, art, and fashion. Drow door-carvings and frames, for example, are apt to sport a motif of repeating crawling spiders. Drow homes are often decorated by translucent, draped grey hangings that emulate spider-webs. Even games of tag, especially the courting games of hide-and-seek played at festival-times by young drow, are known as "spider hunts," and any battle or endeavor in which a drow dies fighting is known as his "last bite."

Social Organization
There are two major social groupings among the drow. These are the relatively unimportant (according to priestesses of Lolth) merchant clans, and the staid, monolithic noble houses. In truth, both establishments are vital to the survival of the drow. Merchant clans vary in organization. They are usually headed by an "inner ring" or council of the most experienced and/or wealthy merchant members, and hence are usually led by males (the "demeaning" and dangerous occupation of trading with outsiders is an almost exclusively male one). The membership of the inner ring of a given merchant clan consists primarily of male wizards who have either passed or evaded The Test are removed as they are from drow society at large, the merchant clans haw no compunction about dealing with the surface world. In fact, a great number of the "second ring", or managers, are non-drow of various races. The lowest rank in the merchant clan, the "assets", are nearly all non-drow. These are the laborers and soldiery of the merchant house. Together, the merchant clans form the trade links with the outside world that enable the Noble Houses to survive.

Noble Houses are led by a matron mother, the senior female priestess. In Lolth-worshipping drow communities, her rule is absolute, enforced by the priestesses beneath her (usually her daughters). All females of the mother's blood, in order of their age, follow in rank, although they wield no authority until they are trained and of age (past puberty). Below the daughters come the male officers of the House: The weapons master (leader of the fighters), (chief) House wizard, and the patron (current consort of the matron mother). These ranks may be combined, and even held by the traditional next rank down in the hierarchy: the male heirs of the House. Male heirs are also ranked by age: elderboy. secondboy, thirdboy, and so on. They are not allowed to look at the faces of other drow, or speak unless spoken to or bidden. This treatment teaches them their subordinate place in drow society. Below them come the "war-leaders" of the House (veteran warriors, who lead House patrols, attack squads, and guards, under the command of the weapons master), and We House mages (under the command of the House wizard). Beneath these "blood" members and officials of the House rank Its common warriors, its craftspeople, its servants, and its slaves. All ranks are decreed, and can be changed at the whim of, the matron mother. Her position changes at death - often at the hands of her eldest daughter. In a Lolth-worshipping drow community, it is a deadly thing to slay a matron mother who holds With's favor, so mothers may reign for hundreds and even thousands of years, kept alive by the magic of Lolth and the diligent service they perform to get and keep it. The assassination of a matron mother is often a punishment for losing Lolth's good will, and marks either a new direction for the House, or-if it is weak, and has strong rivals-the beginning of its extinction. If one House of a city openly wars on another, and fails to eradicate it entirely in a single attack, the survivors of the ruined House can call down the city's justice on the attacking House. When this occurs, all Houses combine forces to wipe out the offending House. Houses who send assassins and saboteurs against each other for years will be forced into an open battle by the city's ruling council, with the same results as above. This type of no-win scenario allows the internal strife of drow to be strictly controlled, so that drow communities are not torn apart by continual, bloody warfare. Most Internal combat therefore takes the form of eternal maneuvering for small advantages. Underhanded intrigues, poisoned knives in dark alleys, vicious trade rivalries, and dirty dealings are all a part of normal drow life.

Dark Elven Dealings
Drow trust no other creatures, including (or especially) other drow. The relations of such a paranoid race with others is uneasy, to say the least. Possible equals (the drow admit no race as their superior) such as illithids and duergar are dealt with by a mixture of armed truces, hard bargaining, subtle threats, magic, and mutual-gain pacts. Only exceptional drow individuals come to trust another being fully (and live to tell the tale!) in the cities of Lolth-worshippers. Trusting drow are more common among the worshippers of Eilistraee, but even theirs is hard to gain. The drow are the most widespread and powerful of the known Underdark cultures of Faerun. Strife among themselves, and a lust Or personal power and commercial gain, always prevents drow from gathering in any concerted effort against foes. This is probably the only thing that keeps many kuo-toa, jermlaine, and disir communities intact; the drow could easily wipe out weaker neighbors if they took up arms in earnest.

Oddly enough, rule over all other subterranean races (even to the powerful mind flayers and aboleth) is the ultimate goal of drow-"the First Part of the Destiny of the People," as priests of Lolth put it. The Second Part is the extermination of all other elven races, including the seizing of their surface lands and holdings. Lolth and her clergy do not, however, advocate any sort of "holy war." Lolth sees her People best served by the competitive striving of individuals, cabals and factions among drow society and her priesthood, and by the efforts of individual drow communities. In this way, the race grows stronger without breeding in decadence, weakness, and laziness (unlike, say, the kuo-toa). Drow even practice cannibalism when their numbers grow too great for a given hold or community. Only the aged are used as food, as the survival of the young is seen as the future of the People. Population pressures like this result because sending out expeditions to found new holds is thought too likely to provoke war with powerful neighbors.

Plans to further drow rule and influence are supported with the greatest enthusiasm by drow whose present social position, if good, if they are not threatened by the plan. Drow of low class are most likely to support plans that involve open warfare, or strife among drow. If drow are treacherous among themselves, they are even more so in their dealings with others. Drow will readily "negotiate" with other races over matters of boundaries, trade, and peace. They will break any such agreements and treaties the moment that terms no longer seem advantageous (bargains with "lesser races" are not considered binding). Most races have learned to be cautious and alert when dealing with drow, and to have several tricks up one's sleeve to deal with the treachery when - not if - it comes. Above all others, deep gnomes hate the drow. Conversely, in all the Underdark, there is no creature a dark elf enjoys slaying more than a svirfneblin. Other traditional drow foes include dwarves, humans, and other elves of all sorts. Duergar, illithids, and lesser races of the Underdark are traded with, but never trusted or befriended, except by the most worldly and experienced drow merchants.

This is not to say that drow are an unruly, unpredictable mob of violent berserkers, engaged in a sort of endless civil war. ("Actually", says Elminster, "a more apt description would be that they are a decadent, status-obsessed nest of vipers engaged in an endless controlled civil war. ") They strive always for personal ascendancy, yes, but their striving is governed by rules and by group-loyalties. Even if freed from the authority of an established House, ruler, or realm, drow instinctively band together in groups. Survival, to these warlike folk (so often at swords' points among themselves) is often a matter of numbers, trusted battle-companions, and tactics.

Slaves
Certain surface-dwellers know the rumors of drow slave-dealing to be true. Some human slavers (particularly in Calimshan, Thay, and in The Plain of Horses in the Eastern Realms) and orc slavers (throughout the North) trade with the drow-and have learned not to trust them. Drow place far less value on a slave's welfare than do surface dwellers. Too most surface slavers, a slave is a valuable trade-good, not to be damaged more than necessary for fear of driving down its value. To most drow, a slave is but a pair of hands, without limits that need be thought of; if it is killed, there are a million replacements to be had. Slaves must give way to drow nobles, and are not allowed look any drow in the eye. Slaves may only bear weapons when a drow noble allows them (usually only in gladiatorial "entertainment" fights, or to defend a House under attack).

Slaves encountered in drow society are usually of the goblin races: goblins, orcs, hobgoblins, and the like. Kobolds and jermlaine are too small, agile, and independent to make good slaves (in the minds of most drow), and such creatures as trolls and giants are too large and powerful. Drow only enslave other drow captured in battle, particularly debtors and noble drow whose families do not pay ransoms for their return. Some drow communities don't enslave drow at all, sacrificing or merely killing captives and dangerous criminals. Humans are valued slaves, but are considered dangerous unless they have no fighting or magical skill; human craftsmen are the most valued slaves, but seldom thrive for long in the dark, cruel drow settlements.

Drow Customs
Limited space prohibits any outline of the long, twisted High History of the Drow here, from the Dawning Days (that longago time before the Descent, when drow dwelt in The Lands of Horrible Light) to their present widespread control of the Underdark, great wealth, and mastery of magic. Instead, a handful of customs useful to DMs in play are given here. For instance, a drow gesture of surrender is dropping to one knee, letting fall any weapons, before the being one submits to (usually performed by male drow, to female drow). Drow like to give and receive massages-long, skilled massages involving scented oils, hot water and stearn. This is close to ultimate luxury for them.

Drow enjoy magic, and exult in wielding its unleashed power. They are fasctnated by new spells and effects.
Drow love beauty -the beauty of sculpture and made items (especially weapons) and the beauty of the body. Drow of both sexes are proud of displaying their physiques-and any children exhibiting any physical deficiency are slain. Dark elven communities celebrate several annual festivals. There is always a wild feast when wizards, fighters and priestesses graduate from their decade-long training (during which they taste all three branches of drow expertise: wizardry, clerical teachings, and weapons training), involving the worship of Lolth and the summoning of denizens who serve her.

Many drow communities also observe "The Blooding," a rite of passage into adulthood for both sexes, during which the young participants must kill an Intelligent or dangerous surface creature of some sort (e.g. a human warrior or wizard). if the community is not near the surface, merchant clans provide captives (for high fees) who are let loose with weapons for the young drow to hunt. Drow communities near links to the surface world usually hold "The Running" instead: a hunt and revel on the surface in which all who can walk participate, once a year. (Understand that what the drow call a "hunt and revel", the surface dwellers refer to as "Noting and killing".) The blades of many drow rivals seem to accidentally find each other during the raids on surface communities. Young drow participating in their first Running me expected to carry out The Blooding (as described above). Drow communities tend to vary the timing of this annual event slightly, to prevent surface communitles from hiring and readying strong guard contingents to await them.

It should be noted that drow can, through training, experience, and repeated exposure, become accustomed to light, and use both normal and infravision. This process takes about ten years. The only encountered drow likely to be immune to the detrimental effects of light (given in the Monstrous Compendium drow entry) are veteran surface-raiders and wizards (who traditionally study by candlelight).

Marriage and Family Life
Among Lolth-worshipping drow nobles, females can choose and discard mates freely (sometimes merely leaving them, but usually by slaying them). Among drow commoners and drow of other faiths, marriage is still a transient thing. Marriages usually last from summer to summer, or for a decade, always with the possibility of renewal.

In drow merchant clans, security demands that mates be of the same clan, or that an outsider be taken into the clan, if a relationship develops. This clan induction is forever; death usually comes if the outsider decides to leave. In noble families, the honor of the house demands the family name be given (if only temporarily) to mates of other families, or of common blood.

Childbearing is the responsibility of the whole family (House, or clan), not merely of the direct parents. A long-lived female drow, choosing to have children only after an active career, normally gives birth to ten children before her fertility wanes.
Drow rarely live past their seventh century, and 94% of them die of natural causes before age 800. Rare individuals (usually those who are subjected to the least hardship, such as the matron mothers of powerful Houses) may live more than a thousand years, becoming withered and worn. Drow do not show their age until after their six hundredth year.

Clothing and House Insignia
Most drow war a magical, shielding cloak, called a "piwafwi." Under its collar, most drow war a neck-purse. In it, noble drow carry their house insignia. Commoners will carry a black metal medallion denoting the house they serve, or the merchant clan they belong to.
In the streets of a drow city, house insignia are usually displayed openly (as cloak pins or sewn-on cloak or tunic adornments) only by the members and servants of the "First House" (most dominant family) of the city. Insignia of lesser houses can be seen on the walls or gates of their strongholds, and are often worn openly inside such strongholds.
The house insignia of nobles take the form of distinctive sculpted images, often equipped for use as brooches. All carry several magical powers-minor abilities known in detail only to members of the House.
The insignia of House Do'Urden (the family whence came the hero Drizzt), for example, has the shape of a spider wielding various weapons in each of its eight legs, its abdomen emblazoned with the letters "DN," for "Daermon N'a'shezbaernon," the ancient and formal name of House Do'Urden.

Drow Structures and Settlements
Drow often emulate spider-webs in the layout of buildings and passages. Traps and falling walls force intruders toward the radial center of the "web," where the drow of most power will be found.
Even a simple villa usually sports traps to discouraging intruders, such as "spring-guns" (crossbows fired by someone tripping fine, dark trigger-lines of spider-silk or waxed cord).
Common drow live in small eaves, or in circular, walled houses, with dug-out cellars and adobe-like construction, These are always as beautiful as possible, and increase in size and grandeur with the wealth of the owner, until they become the grand villas of wealthy merchants, merchant clans, and noble Houses.
To get an idea of larger drow cities, consider a typical one: Menzoberranzan, the birthplace of Drizzt Do' Urden (one of the few drow known in the surface world). It fills a cavern two miles wide and a thousand feet high, and is home to 20,000 drow. It is not a big city by drow standards, but typifies the well-armed, organized cruelty of drow culture. Menzoberranzan was founded over 5,000 years ago. Its "First House," House Baenre, has existed since then. Its compound Is the grandest of the noble palaces, and dominates the raised, mushroom-cloaked southern plateau where the nobles live. House Baenre encompasses 20 stalagmite pillars and 10 gigantic stalactites, ornately carved. Almost every inch of its surfaces glows w1thfaertefire, blue at the outlying towers and brilliant purple at the huge central dome,
The rest of me city's structures are less grand than this, but not a stone In the city has been left in Its natural shape; successive generations of drow craftsmen (and slaves under their command) have striven for perfection of form, producing row upon row of carved castles limned with the quiet glow of magic.
The city is home to drow soldiers and other commoners, under the harsh rule of sixty-seven recognized drow families (the noble Houses), who number approximately 1,000, and strive ever among themselves for more power and influence. Each House Is ruled by a matron mother. a high priestess of Lolth. The honorary Ruling Council of the city consists of the matron mothers of the eight foremost Houses. Through their decrees, intrigues, and rivalries. Lolth's twisted rule holds sway over the city.
The east end of Menzeberranzan's cavern is the city's produce section, where no drow live. A hundred ore and goblin slaves herd rothe there. to feed the city (variety Is brought to the city's tables by deep-passage hunting, and by trade, principally with duergar). The rothe are kept on a moss-covered isle in the small pond of Donigarten.
The entrance to Menzoberranzan (into Tier Breche, Its northernmost side-cavern) is a sculpted archway, lit by a soft blue magical glow. Inside the arch wait two gigantic, 15'-high spider statues. They animate if an intruder passes. and the magic that enables them to move is linked to lesser spells that sound alarms all over the city. (For more details of these defenders, refer to the "Drow Magical items" chapter).
Tier Breche is the highest part of Menzoberranzan, affording a splendid view over the rest of the city. Reached by a broad stair, it is reserved for the staff and students of the Drow School.
The school consists of three branches, each with its own large structure. First and greatest is Arach-Tinilith, the spider-
shaped school of Lolth. Second in importance and Impressiveness is the gracefully-curving, many-spired Academy of Wizardry, Sorcere. Last and plainest of the structures is pyramidal Melee-Magthere, where male fighters are taught.
The entrance to Sorcere is guarded by wizards (normally senior student mages), who challenge intruders. The customary posture of a master of the Academy is standing with arms out before him and bent at the elbows, his hands tight together, one on top of another in front of his chest. ("This posture promotes undue arm and back strain," says Elminster, "and is a prime reason for the drow disposition.")
The city's sole time clock is the huge, central natural stone pillar called Narbondel. At the end of each day, the city's appointed Archmage casts magical fire into the base of the pillar.
The spell's cycle equals a full day on the surface world. The fire rises up the pillar as time passes (glowing bright red to infrared eyes), peaks. and then dies down again. The pillar cools to darkness ("the black death of Narbondel") at midnight, when the Archmage casts another fire spell.
Some drow cities have ways of telling time not related to surface time-counts. These may involve lighting ritual daycandles, or daily killings of slaves and battle-captives, collecting the heads in an ever-growing array to count the days.
Many details of drow life and daily strife in Menzoberranzan can be found In the novel Homeland, by Bob Salvatore. Drizzt's musings on drow thought and nature are of special interest to role-players seeking to truly bring drow characters to life.